Maine Mall: Shining a Light on Mall’s Modern Photovoltaic Roof System
The Maine Mall in South Portland, Maine, is the largest enclosed shopping mall in Northern New England. Constructed in 1971, the mall sprawls over a million sq. ft. of retail space with 118 stores. When owner Brookfield Properties Retail Group decided to upgrade the mall’s aging roof in the summer of 2018, they opted for a modern photovoltaic roof that would provide renewable solar power.
Solar roofing systems have steadily gained traction since Congress approved the Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008. The law allows building owners who install solar energy systems to deduct a portion of the cost directly from federal taxes. The law was set to expire at the end of 2016, but was renewed in late 2015, assuring that solar roofing systems will become even more common.
Equipment installation and maintenance can challenge a roof assembly
While solar roofing systems offer decreased utility bills to building owners, they put a significant strain on roof assemblies, primarily from additional foot traffic. Frequent inspections and maintenance of solar equipment increases the potential for wear and tear from greater foot traffic or damage from a worker dropping a sharp tool that could puncture the roof. Roofing consultants rank punctures as having the most negative impact on the lifespan of a roofing assembly.1
“…I feel DensDeck® Prime Roof Board provides significant long-term performance, durability and cost savings. Its high compressive strength is extremely beneficial, especially in applications where heavy foot and equipment traffic is expected, as well as roofs in hail zones.”
‒Guy Snowden Jr., Principal, RRK Associates
A high-performance rigid cover board is a must-have
Consequently, most contractors recommend – or even require – the use of a high-performance rigid coverboard when installing a photovoltaic (PV) system in order to protect the roof membrane and insulation underneath. With most PV products designed for a service life of 25-30 years, the supporting roof system needs to last at least as long as the solar array itself.
“Solar roofs cost more than traditional single-ply roofs,” says Michael Gumm, application technologist and business development manager for solar panel manufacturer MiaSolé® and principal of Corporate Roof Consultants. “The additional cost of including a cover board in the project becomes almost inconsequential when designers figure in the life-cycle cost benefits of extending the life of the solar roof system.” With all of this in mind, Brookfield selected RRK Associates, Ltd. of Gurnee, Illinois, to engineer a Sika Sarnafil 60 mil PVC RhinoBond® induction welded roofing system designed to house a ballasted solar array system covering most of the 167,000 sq. ft. of roof area being replaced. This would provide the owner with a Sika Sarnafil 20-Year NDL Warranty.
According to Guy Snowden, Jr. Principal of RRK Associates, given the scope of the project, the firm knew that a high-performance rigid cover board would be required to support the equipment and withstand foot traffic from routine inspection and maintenance. “Once it was discovered that a solar array system was planned for this location, the use of a rigid and durable cover board was never a second thought,” Snowden explained. “And since this was a recover application and the client had an FM review project scope, an approved cover board was required.”
DensDeck® Prime Roof Board is the clear choice
Snowden has worked with a variety of roof boards over the years, but when it came to specifying a product for Maine Mall’s new roof, he felt the choice was simple.
“Over the years, I have worked with expanded polystyrene, wood fiber, perlite, fiberglass, HD polyisocyanurate, and DensDeck® products. The heavy foot traffic the roof had already experienced combined with the installation of a solar array made DensDeck® Prime Roof Board the best choice for long-term performance and durability. Other cover boards would break down or be crushed over a short period of time with the foot and equipment traffic.”
According to Snowden, DensDeck® Prime Roof Board with EONIC™ Technology offers significant advantages over other products.
“I’ve been in the roof consulting field specifying systems across the nation since 1990, and I feel DensDeck® Prime Roof Board provides significant long-term performance, durability and cost savings. Its high compressive strength is extremely beneficial, especially in applications where heavy foot and equipment traffic is expected, as well as roofs in hail zones.”
Additionally, EONIC™ Technology has doubled DensDeck® Prime Roof Board’s resistance to moisture, making it the only roof board to meet the industry’s tough new ThreePart Specification for moisture resistance. This includes 5% total water absorption resistance by weight and 1-gram surface water absorption on both sides of the board.2
“I know it has greater moisture resistance than other gypsum products,” said Sarnafil Manufacturer’s Representative Ned Keating, who, as owner of New England-based Barrier Architectural Reps, helped to choose the materials and assisted on job walks both before and during the project. “We were going over an existing roof that could have had moisture in it. And since the new roof is a RhinoBond® system, moisture could condense under the membrane, sometimes more so than when it’s adhered. This made DensDeck® Prime Roof Board’s surface and total water absorption performance extremely valuable.”
RRK Associates hired Tecta America New England to install the roofing system. 166,000 sq. ft. of 1/2″ DensDeck® Prime Roof Board was mechanically attached over the existing EPDM roofing system. The white 60 mil Sarnafil PVC roof system was then installed over the top.
“The existing roof had 3-4 inches of polyiso insulation on the deck and EPDM membrane on top of it,” explained Mark Drummond, Project Manager for Tecta America, “The scope of the project required us to slice the existing membrane into 10 ft. by 10 ft. squares and then install the DensDeck® Prime Roof Board over it.”
According to Drummond, DensDeck® Prime Roof Board created an excellent substrate to add protection for the membrane and support solar panels.
“The product worked really great. Once it was installed, we were left with a nice, firm surface for the roof. Its high compressive strength and moisture resistance made it ideal for this project, especially since it was a recover. Most roof board out there are rated around 100 psi, so 900 psi is really impressive. And once the winter snow storms start coming and snow gets locked in around the shaded sides of the photovoltaic panels, that moisture resistance will really count.”
Brookfield Properties Retail Group is counting on the solar panels to provide many years of reliable, renewable electricity. Thanks to DensDeck® Prime Roof Board, they can also count on the roofing assembly to support the equipment, handle the foot traffic and protect the building and its occupants for years to come.
1. Research conducted by Ducker Worldwide, Troy, Michigan, Roofing Consultants’ Survey October 2016.
2. Based on published manufacturing specifications as of December 1, 2018.
“I know it has greater moisture resistance than other gypsum products…We were going over an existing roof that could have had moisture in it. And since the new roof is a RhinoBond® system, moisture could condense under the membrane, sometimes more so than when its adhered. This made DensDeck® Prime Roof Board’s surface and total water absorption performance extremely valuable.”
‒Ned Keating, Barrier Architectural Reps, Manuf